ZOO2010 Study Guide for Laboratory

ZOO2010 Laboratory Study Guide
Chapter 9, The Radiate Animals

Type your email address in the space provided.

Type your full name in the space provided.

Terms to Know in This Chapter:

germ layers
gastrovascular cavity [gas trow VASS cue lar]
hydrostatic skeleton [high drow STAT ik]
polymorphism [pol eh MORE fiz um]
colloblast (sing.) [COL oh blast]
polyp (sing.) [POL up]
medusa (sing.) [meh DUE sah]
medusae (pl.) [meh DUE see]
jellyfish
sea anemone [ah NEM oh knee]
radially symmetrical
coral
tentacle (sing.) [TEN tah kul]
hypostome [HIGH po stome]
mouth
gonad (sing.) [GO nad]
basal disc
bud
cnidocyte (sing.) [NIDE oh sight]
nematocyst (sing.) [neh MAD oh sist]
cnidocil (sing.) [NIDE oh sill]
symbiont [SIM bee ont]
glutathione [glut ah THIGH on]
extracellular
intracellular
Bouin's fluid [BOW ins]
barb
hypnotoxin [hip no TOX in]
epidermis (sing.) [ep eh DERM iss]
mesoglea [mez oh GLEE ah]
diploblastic [dip low BLAST ik]
epitheliomuscular cell [ep eh THEL ee oh MUSS cue lar]
nerve net
interstitial cell [in tur STEH shul]
nutritive-muscular cell [NEW trah tive]
sensory cell
asexual
budding
monoecious [moe KNEE shuss]
dioecious [die EE shuss]
testis (sing.) [TEST tiss]
testes (pl.) [TEST tees]
egg
spermatozoan (sing.) [spur mat oh ZOE ah]
spermatozoa (pl.) [spur mat oh ZOE an]
zygote [ZIE goat]
planula (sing.) [PLAN you lah]
planulae (pl.) [PLAN you lee]
hydranth (sing.) [HIGH dranth]
gonangium (sing.) [go NAN gee um]
gonangia (pl.) [go NAN gee ah]
hydrorhiza (sing.) [high drow RISE ah]
hydrorhizae (pl.) [high drow RISE ee]
hydrocaulus (sing.) [high drow CALL us]
hydrocauli [high drow CALL eye]
perisarc [PERRY sark]
coenosarc [SIN oh sark]
hydrothecum (sing.) [high drow THEE cum]
hydrotheca (pl.) [high drow THEE kah]
blastostyle [BLAST oh style]
gonothecum (sing.) [go no THEE cum]
gonotheca (pl.) [go no THEE kah]
exumbrella [ex UM brah lah]
subumbrella [sub UM brah lah]
tentacular bulb [ten TACK you lar]
statocyst (sing.) [STAT oh sist]
manubrium (sing.) [mah NUBE ree um]
manubria (pl.) [mah NUBE ree ah]
stomach
radial canal
ring canal
tetramerous [tet rah MEER us]
rhopalium (sing.) [row FALE ee um]
rhophalia (pl.) [row FALE ee ah]
lappet (sing.) [LAP it]
oral arm
gastric pouch
scyphistoma (sing.) [sky FIST oh mah]
scyphistomae (pl.) [sky FIST oh mee]
strobilum (sing.) [STROW bee lum]
strobila (pl.) [STROW bee lah]
ephyra (sing.) [EE frah]
ephyrae (pl.) [EE free]
acontium (sing.) [ah CON tee um]
acontia (pl.) [ah CON ee ah]
columm
siphonoglyph [seh FON oh glif]
peristome (sing.) [PEAR eh stome]
pharynx (sing.) [FAIR inks]
pharynges (pl.) [fair IN geez]
septum (sing.) [SEP tum]
septa (pl.) [SEP tah]
thecum (sing.) [THEE cum]
theca (pl.) [THEE kah]
Portugeuse man-of-war
ocellus (sing.) [oh CELL us]
ocelli (pl.) [oh CELL ee]
larva (sing.) [LAR vah]
larvae (pl.) [LAR vee]
vellum (sing.) [VEL um]
vella (pl.) [VEL ah]

Genera You Need to Know:

Hydra [HIGH drah]
Daphnia [DAFF knee ah]
Obelia [oh BEEL yah]
Gonionemus [go knee oh NEE mus]
Physalia [feh SAIL ee ah]
Aurelia [or REEL yah]
Metridium [meh TRID ee um]

Classification You Need to Know:

Kingdom Animalia [an eh MALE yah]
Class Hydrozoa [high drow ZOE ah]
Class Scyphozoa [sky foe ZOE ah]
Class Anthozoa [an thow ZOE ah]

What You Need to Know:

You should be able to:
name the three classes of Cnidaria, give the characteristics of each and recognize each, on sight, in lab,
identify living Hydra and under the microscope, be able to identify tentacles, hypostome, mouth, gonads, nematocysts, and the two layers of cells,
name the basic cell types in the epidermis and gastrodermis of Hydra,
distinguish between Hydra budding and with testes and ovaries,
identify both preserved specimens and prepared slides of Obelia and identify the major parts of the colony,
identify preserved specimens and prepared slides of Gonionemus and recognize the major structures,
distinguish among statocysts, tentacular bulbs, rhophalia, and ocelli,
explain what is meant by polymorphism and dimorphism,
explain how you can tell most jellyfish of the class Scyphozoa from jellyfish of the class Hydrozoa,
identify from preserved specimens Aurelia and recognize the major structures associated with it,
provide life cycles for Hydra, Obelia, Aurelia and the larval types of each,
identify the major structures associated with Metridium from preserved specimens, and,
recognize several stony and soft corals provided by the instructor.

Exercises: Fill in the Blank.

The genus Obelia belongs to the class while Metridium belongs to the class .
Which class of Cnidarians has no medusae?
Which class of Cnidarians typically has a velum?
How many tentacles does a Hydra typically have? .
The stinging cell of Cnidarians is called the while the trigger is called the and the "stinger" itself is called the .
Which cell type in Cnidarians may give rise to other types of cells?
Balance structures in the Cnidarians are called .
The middle layer of tissue in Cnidarians is called the while the middle layer in sponges is called .
The larval type in sponges is the larva and the larval type in Cnidarians is called the larva.
The gonads of the class Scyphozoa and Anthozoa are found in the .
The name of the medusae produced by Aurelia is and the polyps are called .
This is a tiny opening on either side of the mouth in Metridium used to circulate water while keeping prey inside the pharynx.
Stinging cells in Metridium are found on tiny threads called
The walls of the cup of stoney corals is called the
Reproductive polyps in Obelia are called .

Exercises: Multiple Choice. Select the Best Answer.

Which genus has no medusae and only polyps?

(1) Hydra

(2) Obelia

(3) Metridium

(4) both 1 and 3

(5) All of the above have no medusae.
Which class has polyps?
(1) Hydrozoa

(2) Scyphozoa

(3) Anthozoa

(4) both 1 and 2

(5) all of the above
Which of the following is a colonial polyp form that floats in the ocean and is carried by winds and waves?
(1) Obelia

(2) Aurelia

(3) Physalia

(4) Metridium

(5) Gonionemus
Which cell type is found in the gastrodermis of Hydra?
(1) interstitial cell

(2) nutritive-muscle cell

(3) epitheliomuscle cell

(4) cnidocyte

(5) sensory cell
Which terms are correctly matched?

(1) Hydra-medusa

(2) Velum-Aureila

(3) acontium-Obelia

(4) ephyra-Aurelia

(5) Physalia-scyphistoma