ZOO2010 Laboratory Study Guide

Chapter 19, The Fishes - Lampreys, Sharks, and Bony Fishes

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Terms to Know in This Chapter:

anadromous [an AD ruh mus]

ammocoete (sing.) [AM oh seet]

oral hood

oral papilla (sing.) [pah PILL ah]

papillae (pl.) [pah PILL ee]

nostril (sing.) [NOS trill]

gill slit

lateral line

pineal organ (PIN ee ul]

myotome (sing.) [MY oh tome]

head

trunk

tail

pectoral fin

[peck TORE ul]

pelvic fin [PEL vick]

dorsal fin

caudal fin [KAW dul]

heterocercal [het er oh SIR kul]

homocercal [hoe moe SIR kul]

diphycercal [dif eh SIR kul]

rostrum (sing.) [RAW strum]

spiracle (sing.) [SPIRE ah kul]

gill slit

pharyngx (sing.) [FAIR inks]

pharynges (pl>0 [fair IN gees]

cloaca [cloe AY kuh]

placoid scales [PLAH koid]

peritoneum (sing.) [pere eh toe KNEE um]

peritonea (pl.) [pere eh toe KNEE ah]

mesentery (sing.) [MEZ en ter ee]

mesenteries (pl.)

liver

gallbladder

esophagus

stomach

duodenum [do ODD eh num]

pyloric valve

pancreas

spleen

spiral valve

rectal gland

ruga (sing.) [RUE gah]

rugae (pl.) [RUE gee]

testis (sing.) [TES tiss]

testes (pl.) [TESS tees]

kidney

seminal vesicle

clasper

ovary (sing.)

ovaries (pl.)

atrium (sing.) [AY tree um]

atria (pl.) [AY tree ah]

ventricle

conus arteriosus [COE nus] [ar teer ee OH suss]

placoid [PLAH koid]

ganoid [GAN oid]

cycloid [SIGH kloid]

ctenoid [TEH noid]

swim bladder

rete mirabile [REET] [meh RAB eh lee]

Classification You Need to Know:

Kingdom Animalia [an eh MALE yah]

Subphylum Vertebrata [ver teh BRAY tah]

Superclass Agnatha [ag NAY thuh]

Class Cephalospidomorphi [seff ah low spid oh MORF eye]

Superclass Gnathosomata [nath oh stow MAH tah]

Class Chondrichthyes [con DRICK thuh ees]

Class Osteichthyes [os tee ICK thees]

What You Need to Know:

You should be able to:

1. explain what is meant by cartilagenous versus bony fish,
2. explain where in sharks you may find bone,
3. identify external features of a lamprey eel,
4. identify the external features of a dogfish shark and be able to sex the animals by external examination,
5. identify the major internal structures of the dogfish shark and explain the function of each,
6. identify the external features of the perch, and,
7. identify the major internal structures of the perch and give the function of each.

Exercises: Fill in the Blank.

The term refers to the irregular surfaces lining the stomach of the dogfish.

Name the six fins associated with the perch:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.

The term refers to the lamprey being able to lay eggs in fresh water but develop in salt water.

The type of larva produced by the lamprey is called the .

This gland regulates ion concentration in the shark.

This organ is found where the stomach and small intestine join.

How does the shark regulate its bouyancy?

The is a sensory device in fish analogous to our ears.

This covers the gills in perch to protect them.

How many lobes of the liver are there in the shark?

Exercises: Multiple Choice. Select the Best Answer.

1. This structure slows the passage of food down the gut for more complete digestion.
   

   (1) rectal gland
   

   (2) spiral valve
   

   (3) pyloric valve
   

   (4) cloaca
   

   (5) pancreas
   
   

2. What type of scale does the shark have?

   (1) placoid
   

   (2) ganoid
   

   (3) cycloid
   

   (4) ctenoid
   

   (5) sharks have no scales
   
   

3. What organ is the largest internal organ in the shark?

   (1) stomach
   

   (2) kidney
   

   (3) heart
   

   (4) gonads
   

   (5) liver
   
   

4. Which type of tail does the shark have?

   (1) diphycercal
   

   (2) homocercal
   

   (3) heterocercal
   

   (4) acercal
   

   (5) holocercal
   
   

5. What is the common urogenital structure called in the shark?
   

   (1) appendix
   

   (2) cloaca
   

   (3) mesorchium
   

   (4) rectal gland
   

   (5) uterus