BSC1011 Lab Study Guide Fungi

BSC1011 Lab Study Guide
Fungi

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Terms to Know:

chitin [KYE tin]

saprophytic [sap row FIT ik]

parasitic [pear ah SIT ik]

penicillin [pen eh SILL in]

aspergillosis [ass per geh LOW siss]

cellular slime mold

Acrasiomycota [ah CRAZE ee oh my COE tah]

pseudoplasmodium (sing.) [sue doe plaz MODE ee um]
pseudoplasmodia (pl.) [sue doe plaz MODE ee ah]

acrasin [ah CRAZE in]

cyclic AMP
(cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate)

sorocarp (sing.) [SORE oh carp]

acellular slime mold

Myxomycota [MIX oh my COE tah]

plasmodium (sing.) [plaz MODE ee um]
plasmodia (pl.) [plaz MODE ee ah]

swarm cell (sing.)

sclerotium (sing.) [sklah ROE shum]
sclerotia (pl.) [sklah ROE sha]

hygroscopic [high grow SCOP ik]

capitulum (sing.) [cah PIT you lum]
captilua (pl.) [cah PIT you lah]

Oömycota [OH oh my COE tah]

zoösporangium (sing.) [ZOE oh spore AN gee um]
zoösporangia (pl.) [ZOE oh spore AN gee ah]

zoöspore (sing.) [ZOE oh spore]

oögonium (sing.) [OH oh GONE ee um]
oögonia (pl.) [OH oh GONE ee ah]

oöspore (sing.) [OH oh spore]

antheridium (sing.) [an thur RID ee um]
antheridia (pl.) [an thur RID ee ah]

Zygomycota [ZIE go my COE tah]

hypha (sing.) [HIGH fah]
hyphae (pl.) [HIGH fee]

rhizoid (sing.) [RYE zoid]

sporangiophore (sing.) [spor AN gee oh fore]

sporangium (sing.) [spor AN gee um]
sporangia (pl.) [spor AN gee ah]

stolon (sing.) [STOW lon]

isogamete (sing.) [EYE so gam EET]

isogametangium (sing.) [EYE so gam eh TAN gee um]
isogametangia (pl.) [EYE so gam eh TAN gee ah]

gametangium (sing.) [gam eh TAN gee um]
gametangia (pl.) [gam eh TAN gee ah]

zygospore (sing.) [ZIE go spore]

Ascomycota [ass co my COE tah]

ascus (sing.) [ASS kus]
asci (pl.) [ASS eye]

ergot [ERR got]

lysergic acid diethylamide [lie SIR gick] [die ETH ul ah mide]

apothecium (sing.) [ap oh THEE see um]
apothecia (pl.) [ap oh THEE see ah]

perithecium (sing.) [pere eh THEE see um]
perithecia (pl.) [pere eh THEE see um]

cleistothecium (sing.) [cly stow THEE see um]
cleistothecia (pl.) [cly stow THEE see ah]

ostiole (sing.) [OSS tee ole]

dikaryon (sing.) [di CARE ee on]

dikaryotic [di care ee OT ik]

budding

paraphysis (sing.) [pah RIFF eh siss]
paraphyses (pl.) [pah RIFF eh seez]

stroma (sing.) [STROW mah]
stromae (pl.) [STROW mee]

conidiospore (sing.) [co NID ee oh spore]

mushroom (sing.)

cap (sing.)

stipe (sing.)

gill (sing.)

volva (sing.) [VOL vah]
volvae (pl.) [VOL vee]

annulus (sing.) [AN you luss]
annuli (pl.) [AN you lie]

velum (sing.) [VELL um]
vela (pl.) [VELL ah]

basidium (sing.) [bah SID ee um]
basidia (pl.) [bah SID ee ah]

basidiospore (sing.) [bah SID ee oh spore]

earthstar (sing.)

peridium (sing.) [pere ID ee um]
peridia (pl.) [pere ID ee ah]

bird's nest fungus (sing.)

black wheat stem rust (sing.)

barberry (sing.)

aeciospore (sing.) [EE shah spore]

aecium (sing.) [EE shum]
aecia (pl.) [EE shah]

urediospore (sing.) [you RID ee oh spore]

teliospore (sing.) [TEEL ee oh spore]

pycnia (sing.) [PICK knee ah]
pycnae (pl.) [PICK knee]

receptive hypha (sing.)

spermatium (sing.) [spur MAY shum]
spermatia (pl.) [spur MAY shah]

spermatangium (sing.) [spur mah TAN gee um]
spermatangia (pl.) [spur mah TAN gee ah]

corn smut (sing.)

lichen (sing.) [LIE kin]

haustorium (sing.) [haus TORE ee um]
haustoria (pl.) [haus TORE ee ah]

crustose (sing.) [CRUSS tose]

foliose (sing.) [FOAL ee ose]

fruticose (sing.) [FRUIT eh kose]

fungi imperfecti [im per FECT eye]

aspergillosis (sing.) [ass per jill OH siss]
aspergilloses (pl.) ass per jill OH seez]

 

Genera to Know:

Dictyostelium discoideum [dick tee oh STEEL ee um] [diss COID ee um]

Physarum polycephalum [FISS ah rum] [pol ee SEFF ah lum]

Achlya [ACK lee ah]

Saprolegnia [sap row LEG knee ah]

Rhizopus stolonifera [RYE zoe pus] [stow low NIFF er ah]

Philobolus [peh LOB oh lus]

Saccharomyces [sack are oh MY seez]

Schizosaccharomyces [SKIZ oh sack are oh MY seez]

Peziza [peh ZIZE ah]

Claviceps purpurea [CLAV ah seps] [pure PURE ee ah]

Microsphaera alni [my crow SPARE ah] [ALL nigh]

Coprinus [co PRINE us]

Geastrum [gee ASS trum]

Puccinia graminis [puck SIN ee ah] [GRAM eh niss]

Ustilago maydis [you stee LAG oh] [MAY diss]

Aspergillus [ass per GILL us]

Penicillium [pen eh SILL ee um]

 

What You Need to Know:


You should be able to:

  1. identify by sight and give the characteristics of the following genera and/or species:
    • cellular slime molds
    • acellular slime molds
    • the water molds Achyla and Saprolegnia,
    • the bread mold Rhizopous stolonifera,
    • the shotgun fungus Pilobolus,
    • the sac fungi Saccharomyces, Schizosaccharomyces, and Peziza,
    • ergot or Claviceps purpurea,
    • a powdery mildew,
    • the mushroom Coprinus,
    • cap fungi, shelf or bracket fungi, earthstars and bird's nest fungi,
    • black wheat stem rust or Puccinia graminis,
    • corn smut or Ustilago maydis,
    • the fungi imperfecti Aspergillus and Penicillium,
  2. differentiate between cellular and acellular slime molds,
  3. identify asexual and sexual stages of
    • Achlya or Saprolegnia,
    • Rhizopus stolonifera,
    • yeats
    • wheat stem rust
  4. identify the sexual stages of
    • Peziza
    • Claviceps purpurea
    • Coprinus
  5. identify the asexual stages of
    • Aspergillus
    • Penicillium
  6. differentiate among apothecia, perithecia and cleistothecia,
  7. distinguish among the three basic types of lichens,
  8. explain the relationship of the components of a lichen, and
  9. explain what is meant by a dikaryon and relate it to haploid and diploid.

Exercises: Fill in the Blank.

  1. slime molds produce a sclerotium with hygroscopic filaments called the capitulum.
  2. In the water molds, contain the sperm cells.
  3. Motile, biflagellated asexual spores are called .
  4. connect one sporangiophore to another in Rhizopus.
  5. Rhizpous produces (type of gametes).
  6. The fungus that "shoots" its sporangia is .
  7. This form of asexual reproduction occurs when there is an uneven division of the cytoplasm.
  8. is the common name for a type of poisoning which may cause hallucinations.
  9. is the compound that causes hallucinations when you ingest Claviceps purpurea.
  10. The is formed when the veil rips away from the undersurface of the gills. It remains as a piece of tissue surrounding the stipe of a mushroom.
  11. The club-shaped structure which contains basidiospores is called the .
  12. The fungi contain pores instead of gills and may grow attached to trees like brackets.
  13. Match the following with the appropriate genus.
    1. Ergot Poisoning
    2. Black wheat stem rust
    3. Earthstar
    4. Common Bread Mold
    5. Ick
  14. This is a "male" haploid spore stage that infects the barberry .
  15. There are three basic types of lichens. Those that grow close to the surface of the substrate are called while those that are leafy are called and those that are shrub-like are called .
  16. Match the thecium with the fungus?
    1. Peziza
    2. Erysiphe
    3. Claviceps
  17. The typical number of ascopores produced in Schizosaccharomyces and Peziza is

.


Exercises: Multiple Choice. Select the Best Answer.

  1. This type of structure has a small opening at the top called the ostiole to allow ascopores to escape.
    (1) apothecium
    (2) perithecium
    (3) cleistothecium
    (4) ascus
    (5) sporangiophore
  2. Cyclic AMP is a chemical messenger which sends the signal to aggregate for this species.
    (1) Dictyostelium discoideum
    (2) Physarum polycephalum
    (3) Achlya
    (4) Rhizopus
    (5) Claviceps purpurea
  3. This particular fungus can cause severe respiratory infections by breathing the spores.
    (1) Penicillium
    (2) Aspergillus
    (3) Rhizopus
    (4) Physarum polycephalum
    (5) none of the above
  4. Oöspores and zoöspores are characteristic of this fungus.
    (1) Penicillium
    (2) Aspergillus
    (3) Achlya
    (4) Rhizopus
    (5) none of the above
  5. A lichen is a __________ relationship between a fungus and an algae.
    (1) mutualistic
    (2) parasitic
    (3) commensalistic
    (4) all of the above
    (5) none of the above
  6. The division Mycomycota include
    (1) the cellular slime molds
    (2) the acellular slime molds
    (3) Dictyostelium discoideum
    (4) more than one is correct
    (5) none of the above
  7. This part of the mushroom usually remains below the ground or attached to the surface of the earth.
    (1) pileus
    (2) annulus
    (3) gills
    (4) volva
    (5) none of the above
  8. These spores are found on the barberry leaf and are dikaryotic.
    (1) aeciospores
    (2) urediospores
    (3) pycniospores
    (4) teliospores
    (5) basidiospores
  9. Which is not a type of spore produced by Puccinia graminis?
    (1) aeciospores
    (2) basidiospores
    (3) teliospores
    (4) zoospores
    (5) none of the above
  10. Which spore type may overwinter in the soil and germinate in the spring.
    (1) aeciospores
    (2) urediospores
    (3) teliospores
    (4) basidiospores
    (5) pycnia/spermatia