Illustration from University of Arizona, The Biology Project.
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Read:
Reproduction: Molecular to Cellular, pp 1-6.
Terms to Know in This Chapter:
reproduction [re pro DUCT shun]
mitosis [my TOE siss]
chromosome (sing.) [CROW moe zome]
nucleus (sing.) [NEW klee us]
nuclei (pl.) [NEW klee eye]
gene (sing.) [JEAN]
histone (sing.) [HIS tone]
deoxyribonucleic acid [dee OX ee RYE bow new CLAY ik]
replication [rep leh KAY shun]
onion [ON yun]
fixative [FIX ah tive]
preservative [pre SERVE ah tive]
acetoorcein [ah SEAT oh OR seen]
spindle [SPIN dul]
interphase [IN tur faze]
prophase [PRO faze]
metaphase [MET ah faze]
anaphase [AN ah faze]
telophase [TEL oh faze]
daughter cells
nucleolus (sing.) [new KLEE oh lus]
nucleoli (pl.) [new KLEE oh lie]
centromere (sing.) [SIN trow meer]
centriole (sing.) [SIN tree ole]
ribonucleic acid [RYE bow new CLAY ik]
Gap 1
Gap 2
synthesis [SIN theh siss]
chromatin [CROW mah tin]
chromatid (sing.) [crow mah TID]
haploid [HAP lloyd]
diploid [DIP lloyd]
cleavage furrow [CLEE vage] [FUR row]
cell plate
adenine [ADD eh neen]
thymine [THIGH meen]
cytosine [SIGH tow seen]
guanine [GWAH neen]
nucleotide (sing.) [NEW klee oh tide]
double helix
Genera You Need to Know
Allium [AL ee um]
People You Need to Know
Virchow [VEER chow]
Flemming [FLEM ing]
Watson
Crick
What You Need to Know:
You should be able to:
- some of the contributions of scientists to mitosis and cell reproduction,
- describe the structure of DNA,
- explain the cell cycle,
- demonstrate the ability to prepare a slide of mitosis, fix, preserve and stain it, and identify the various stages of the cell cycle with your slide,
- explain the events of interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, and
- distinguish between haploid and diploid.
Exercises: Fill in the Blank.
- The two people who first proposed the accurate structure of DNA were and
- 6N HCl with 95% EtOH serves as a in the preparation of the Allium root tip.
- HAc with 70%EtOH serves as a in the preparation of the mitosis slide.
- The stain used to highlight the nuclei of cells is .
- is the stage of the cell cycle where the centromeres divide and the chromosomes push apart.
- The stage of the cell cycle where the spindle forms is .
- The stage of the cell cycle where the DNA replicates is .
- Cell plate formation takes place in this part of the cell cycle. .
- Chromosomes become visibly thickened during this stage of the cell cycle.
- In DNA, the base adenine always pairs with the base .
- If the original cell is diploid, then each daughter cell that results from mitosis is (haploid, diploid).
- The point where two chromatids are joined is called the .
Exercises: Multiple Choice. Select the Best Answer.
- Who recognized that reproduction is a fundamental process of cells?
| (1) Virchow
| (2) Flemming
| (3) Watson
| (4) Crick
| (5) Watson and Crick -
The nucleoli disappear during what stage of the cell cycle?
|
| (1) interphase
| (2) prophase
| (3) metaphase
| (4) anaphase
| (5) telophase
- During what stage of the cell cycle do the centrioles divide?
(1) interphase
|
(2) prophase
|
(3) metaphase
|
(4) anaphase
|
(5) telophase
- Which part of the onion root should you use for the mitosis slide?
(1) The base (closest to the bulb)
|
(2) The tip (fartherest away from the bulb)
|
(3) The middle part of the root
|
(4) The bulb
|
(5) The young, leafy, green part
- Where does cleavage take place in the cell cycle?
(1) interphase
|
(2) prophase
|
(3) metaphase
|
(4) anaphase
|
(5) telophase
| | |
