cervical fistula
(sing.) [SIR veh kul] [FISS tu lah]
cervical fistulae (pl.) [FISS tu lee]
coccyx (sing.)
[KAH sicks]
coccyges (pl.) [KAH see geez]
ear muscles
supernumerary
nipples [SOO pur NOOM er a ree]
vestigial [vess
TIG ee ul]
fossil [FOSS ul]
mold
cast
permineralization
[purr min ur al eh ZAY shun]
petrification
[pet ree feh CAY shun]
carbon film
ontogeny [on TOGE
uh nee]
recapitulates
[ree cah PIT you lates]
phylogeny [feh
LODGE eh nee]
vermiform appendix
[VERM eh form] [ah PEN dix]
wisdom teeth
mammary glands
hair
People You Need to Know
Aristotle [air
eh STOT ul]
Jean-Baptiste
Larmarck [lah mark]
Charles Darwin
[DAR win]
Emma Wedgewood
Susannah Wedgewood
Erasamus Darwin
Robert Darwin
Bishop Wilberforce
Thomas Henry Huxley
John Henslow
Charles Lyell
James Hutton
Georges-Louis
Leclerc de Buffon [BOO fon]
Georges Cuvier
[COO vee a]
William Jennings
Bryan
John Scopes
Clarence Darrow
Robert Fitz-Roy
Alfred Russell
Wallace
Thomas Malthus
What You Need to Know:
You should be able to:
briefly explain
the theories of catastrophism and uniformitarianism,
briefly explain
the theory of acquired characteristics (or Lamarckian evolution),
explain the
contributions of Darwin, Malthus, Wallace, and Fitz-Roy,
know the major
figures in the Scope's monkey trial,
differentiate
among the five types of fossils, and
explain the
difference among homologous, analogous, and vestigial structures.
Exercises: Fill in the Blank.
The idea the
earth has been beset by a series of upheavals and destructive events is known
as the theory of
. (catastrophism, uniformitarianism)
The idea that
changes occur gradually and over long periods of time is known as the theory
of
. (catastrophism, uniformitarianism)
is considered the father of comparative anatomy, contributed to evolution
by studies of fossils, and came up with the theory of catastrophism.
suggested there were separate centers of creation and species could have evolved.
The theory
of acquired characteristics was championed by
The idea horses
grew taller because they ran so much would be considered a part of the theory
of
(acquired characteristics or evolution)
If a mother
eats strawberries during a pregnancy, she will have a child with a strawberry
birthmark. This statement would be in line with the theory of
. (acquired characteristics or evolution)
If a plant
mutated and the mutation was beneficial and insured the species survival but
changed the appearance of the plant, the plant would be obeying the theory
of
. (acquired characteristics, evolution)
Darwin's professor
of botany at Cambridge University was
.
The captain
of the HMS Beagle was
.
is considered as the co-discoverer of the theory of evolution along with Charles
Darwin.
The defense
attorney for the Scope's trial was
.
Darwin's bulldog
was
.
Another name
for Bishop Wilberforce was
.
The idea populations
increase at geometric rates was first espoused by
.
List the five
tenets of Darwin's theory of evolution.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The wings of
a bird and the wings of an insect are examples of
(analogous, homologous, vestigial).
The lungs of a cat and
the lungs of a human are examples of
(analogous, homologous, vestigial).
The nictitating
membrane is an example of a(n)
(analogous, homologous, vestigial).
This type of
fossil results from only the carbon being preserved.
Petrified wood is an
example of this type of fossil.
Exercises: Multiple Choice. Select the Best Answer.
This individual
was a geologist and helped determine the theory of uniformitarianism.
(1) Lamarck
(2) Buffon
(3) Lyell
(4) Fitz-Roy
(5) Aristotle
Which of the
following people came up with the wrong idea on evolution?
(1) Cuvier
(2) Buffon
(3) Wallace
(4) Lamarck
(5) Lyell
The idea Earth has been upset by a series of disasters refers to the:
(1) theory of evolution.
(2) theory of acquired characteristics.
(3) theory of catastrophism.
(4) theory of uniformitarianism.
(5) scientific method.
The forelegs of a horse and the wings of a bat are